(HealthDay News) - A stress fracture occurs when overused bones and muscles can't absorb additional shock. When the stress on them becomes too great, the impact is transferred to a bone, causing a small fracture.

Here are suggestions to help prevent stress fractures, courtesy of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons:

• When starting a new exercise routine or a new sport, build up your tolerance and stamina. Don't try to do too much too soon, as your body needs time to adjust.
• Vary your activities to rest and alternate strain on your muscles and bones. For example, alternate running with biking.
• Get plenty of vitamin D and calcium in your diet to strengthen bones.
• If swelling or pain results from a particular activity, stop and allow your body to rest for a few days. If pain continues after rest, see your doctor.